Assigned Readings

Bryman Ch. 8 & 14

Brewer, C.J. & Jones, R.L. (2002) A five-stage process for establishing contextually valid systematic observation instruments: the case of Rugby Union. The Sport Psychologist 16, 138-159.

Mulhall, A. (2003) In the field: notes on observation in qualitative research. Journal of Advanced Nursing 41(3), 306-313.

Angrosino, M.V. (2007) Naturalistic observation. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA. pp. 31-42. e-reserve

Class Preparation

See "Instructions for Preparation of Reviews for Class Discussion." Submit the electronic summary by 5:00 p.m. on Friday, February 29.

Baxter, S.D., Thompson, W.O., Litaker, M.S. et al. (2003). Accuracy of fourth-graders' dietary recalls of school breakfast and school lunch validated with observations: in-person versus telephone interviews. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 35, 124-134.

Bernard, H.R. (2000). Social Research Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Read Ch. 9, Participant Observation, pp. 317-336 (introductory material through skills of the participant observer). Get from Dr. Swisher.

Bernard, H.R. (2000). Social Research Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Read Ch. 9, Participant Observation, pp. 355-365 (secotion about field notes). Get from Dr. Swisher.

Bernard, H.R. (2000). Social Research Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Read Ch. 10, Direct and Indirect Observation, pp. 375-408. Get from Dr. Swisher.

Gardner, F. (2000) Methodological issues in the direct observation of parent-child interactions: do observational findings reflect the natural behavior of participants? Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 3(3), 185-198.

Lawton, M.P. (2001). The physical environment of the person with Alzheimer's disease. Aging & Mental Health 5(Supplement 1), S56-S64.

Paulsen, D. (2006). Human versus machine: a comparison of the accuracy of geographic profiling methods. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling 3 (2), 77-89. Please briefly describe this research method as well as making the usual analysis regarding precision, validity and reliability.

Kuznar, L.A. & Werner, O. (2001). Ethnographic mapmaking: Part 1 - principles. Field Methods 13(2), 204-213 AND Werner, O. & Kuznar, L.A. (2001) Ethnographic mapmaking: Part 2 - practical concerns and triangulation. Field Methods 13(3), 291-296. Describe the key components of the technique, why it is useful and how it should be incorporated into other data collection methods.

Sommer, R. & Sommer, B. (2002) Mapping and Trace Measurs, pp. 63-80 in A Practical Guide to Behavioral Research. Oxford, New York. Describe the key components of the technique, why it is useful and how it should be incorporated into other data collection methods.

Due Today

None

Additional Resources

Adler, P. & Adler, P. (1999) The ethnographer's ball revisited. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography. 28, 442-450.

Ashworth, P.D. (1995) The meaning of "participant" in participant observation. Qualitative Health Research 5, 366-387.

Baszanger, I. & Dodier, N. (2004) Ethnography: relating the part to the whole. In Qualitative Research, Second Edition, D. Silverman (ed.). Sage, Chicago, p. 9-34.

Berg, B.L. (2004) Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences, Fifth Ed. Pearson, Boston. See Ch. 6, p. 145-194 for observation and pp. 224-226 for trace measures.

Bramlett, R.K. & Barnett, D.W. (1993) The development of a direct observation code for use in preschool settings. School Psychology Review 22(1), 14 pp.

Culyba, R.J., Heimer, C.A. & Petty, J.C. (2004) The ethnographic turn: fact, fashion, or fiction? Qualitative Sociology. 27(4), 365-395.

Gergen, K.J. (2001) Psychological science in a postmodern context. American Psychologist 56, 803-813.

Glaser, J.M. (1996) The challenge of campaign watching: seven lessons of participant-observation research. Political Science & Politics 29, 533-537.

Gubrium, J.F. & Holstein, J.A. (1999) At the border of narrative and ethnography. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 28, 561-573.

Lauder, M.A. (2003) Covert participant observation of a deviant community: justifying the use of deception. Journal of Contemporary Religion 18(2), 185-196.

Mulhall, A. (2003). In the field: notes on observation in qualitative research. Journal of Advanced Nursing 41(3), 306-313.

Neuman, W.L. (2004) Basics of Social Research. Pearson, Boston. See Ch. 11, pp. 266-278.

Raudenbush, S.W. & Sampson, R.J. (1999). Ecometrics: Toward a science of assessing ecological settings, with application to the systematic social observation of neighborhoods.

Sperschneider, W. & Bagger, K. (2003) Ethnographic fieldwork under industrial constraints: toward deisgn-in-context. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 15(1), 41-50.

Timmerman, I.G.H., Vastenburg, N.C. & Emmelkamp, P.M.G. (2001) The Forensic Inpatient Observation Scale (FIOS): development, reliability and validity. Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health 11, 144-162.

Whitley, R. & Crawford, M. (2005) Qualitative Research in Psychiatry. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50(2), 108-114.

Research Using Observation & Trace Measures

Barrett, E. (2002). The geography of the Rio Grande Pueblos in the Seventeenth Century. Ethnohistory 49(1), 123-170.

Brewster, Z.W. (2003) Behavioral and interactional patterns of strip club patrons: tipping techniques and club attendance. Deviant Behavior 24, 221-243.

Brown, J.R., Donelan-McCall, N. & Dunn, J. (1996) Why talk about mental states? The significance of children's conversations with friends, siblings and mothers. Child Development 67, 836-849.

Cosgrove, L. & Flynn, C. (2005) Marginalized mothers: parenting without a home. Analyses of Social Issues & Public Policy 5(1), 127-143.

Gair, G. & Hartery, T. (2001) Medical dominance in multidisciplinary teamwork: a case study of discharge decision-making in a geriatric assessment unit. Journal of Nursing Management 9, 3-11.

Graham, K. & Wells, S. (2001) Aggression among young adults in the social context of the bar. Addiction Research & Theory 9(3), 193-219.

Grazian, D. (2004) The production of popular music as a confidence game: the case of the Chicago blues. Qualitative Sociology 27(2), 137-158.

Grescoe, T. (1996). Murder, he mapped. Canadian Geographic 116(5), 48-52.

Juul-Kristensen, B., Hansson, G.A., Fallentin, N., Andersen, J.H. & Ekdahl, C. (2001) Assessment of work postures and movements using a video-based observation method and direct technical measurements. Applied Ergonomics 32, 517-524.

Kato, Y. & Takeuchi, Y. (2003). Individual differences in wayfinding strategies. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 23, 171-188.

Lee, J.P., Moore, R.S. & Martin, S.E. (2003) Unobtrusive observations of smoking in urban California bars. Journal of Drug Issues 33(4), 984-999.

Lundrigan, S. & Canter, D. (2001). A multivariate analysis of serial murderers' disposal site location choice. Journal of Environmental Psychology 21, 423-432.

Pullen, R., Ortloff, V., Casey, S. & Payne, J. (2000). Analysis of academic misconduct using unobtrusive research: a study of discarded cheat sheets. College Student Journal 34(4), 616-625.

Sampson, R.J. & Raudenbush, S.W. (1999). Systematic social observation of public spaces: A new look at disorder in urban neighborhoods. American Journal of Sociology 105(3), 603-651.

Singer, M., Stopka, T., Siano, C. et al. (2000) The social geography of AIDS and hepatitis risk: qualitative approaches for assessing local differences in sterile-syringe access among injection drug users. American Journal of Public Health 90(7), 1049-1056.

Smart, L.R. & Bisogni, C.A. (2001) Personal food systems of male college hockey players. Appetite 37, 57-70.

Sousa, L., Galante, H., Batel, A. & Hespanha, P. (2003). Observing cities' social inequalities: a cartographic case study of Aveiro, Portugal. Cities 20(4), 241-252.

Strina, A., Cairncross, S., Barreto, M.L., Larrea, C. & Prado, M.S. (2003) Childhood diarrhea and observed hygiene behavior in Salvador, Brazil. American Journal of Epidemiology 157, 1032-1038.

Zacharias, J. (2001). Path choice and visual stimuli: signs of human activity and architecture. Journal of Environmental Psychology 21, 341-352.